8(b) Classification of Magnetic Materials (5 Marks Answer)

Magnetic materials are classified based on how they respond to a magnetic field. They are mainly divided into three types.

1. Diamagnetic Materials

Diamagnetic materials are substances that are weakly repelled by a magnetic field.

Properties:

  • Magnetic susceptibility is negative.

  • Magnetic permeability is less than 1.

  • They move from strong magnetic field to weak magnetic field.

Examples:
Bismuth, Copper, Silver, Gold.

2. Paramagnetic Materials

Paramagnetic materials are substances that are weakly attracted by a magnetic field.

Properties:

  • Magnetic susceptibility is small and positive.

  • Magnetic permeability is slightly greater than 1.

  • They move from weak magnetic field to strong magnetic field.

Examples:
Aluminium, Platinum, Chromium.

3. Ferromagnetic Materials

Ferromagnetic materials are substances that are strongly attracted by a magnetic field.

Properties:

  • Magnetic susceptibility is very high.

  • Magnetic permeability is much greater than 1.

  • They can be easily magnetized and retain magnetism for a long time.

Examples:
Iron, Cobalt, Nickel.


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